SBL 1023 TECHNIQUE IN BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY

Title : Titration Introduction      Titration is the slow addition of one solution of a known concentration that called as titrant to a known volume of another solution of unknown solution until the reactions reaches neutralization. Which is indicated by a color change. While acid - base titration are usually used to find the amount of a known acidic or basic substance through acid base reactions. The analyte that is titrand is the solution with an unknown molarity. The reagent is the solution with known molarity that will react with the analyte.       Strong acid like hydrochloric acid has a concentration that normally around 0 to 1. And it can completely dissociate in water easily. While the weak acid such as acetic acid cannot dissociate completely in water. pH is the measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. So the lower the pH the higher the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.   Objectives A) To observe the property of weak acid with the

Lab 2 : INSTRUMENTATION Objective i )   To learn how to use the electrode to determine the Ph meter. ii)   To use the micropipette with proper way. iii) To learn how to handle the microscope. iv) To look the shape from the slide under magnifications   4x, 10x, 40x and 100x . Introduction   Most instrumental methods of analysis are relative. Instruments register a signal due to some physical or chemical property of the solution. For example, pH meters measure the electrode potential which must be related to the [H+] or [OH-] of the solution by comparison against known [H+] or [OH-] standard buffers. In other words, the pH meter must be calibrated in order to obtain accurate results. A standard procedure for calibrating pH meters is to prepare a linear working curve known as a calibration curve by plotting the measured potential as a function of pH or pOH. Many calibration descriptions in the literature are rather confusion and misleading. This paper will discuss some b